As dedicated pet owners, ensuring the health and well-being of our furry companions is of utmost importance. One critical aspect of this care is dental health. Dental disease in dogs is a prevalent yet often overlooked issue that can lead to severe health problems if not addressed promptly. In this guide, we will explore dog dental disease, its prevention, and treatment.

Understanding Dental Disease in Dogs

Dental disease in dogs includes a range of conditions affecting their teeth and gums, such as plaque, tartar, gingivitis, and periodontitis. These conditions can cause significant discomfort, pain, and serious health issues if left untreated.

Plaque

A biofilm that forms on the teeth, harbouring bacteria that can lead to dental problems. Plaque is soft and can be removed by regular brushing.

Tartar

When plaque is not removed, it hardens into tartar, which cannot be brushed away and requires professional cleaning.

Gingivitis

Inflammation of the gums caused by the buildup of plaque and tartar. Symptoms include redness, swelling, and bleeding gums.

Periodontitis

A severe condition affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gums, periodontal ligament, and bone. This can lead to tooth loss and other complications.

Early Detection and Prevention

Early detection of dental issues is crucial in preventing long-term problems. At Swaggle, we advocate for regular dental check-ups as part of your dog’s overall health care routine. During these check-ups, veterinarians will thoroughly examine your dog's mouth to identify any early signs of dental disease.

How to Prevent Dental Disease in Dogs

Preventing dental disease in dogs is crucial for maintaining their overall health and quality of life. A proactive and consistent approach to oral hygiene can significantly reduce the risk of dental problems. Below are key strategies to keep your dog's teeth and gums healthy:

Regular Brushing

Daily brushing is the most effective way to prevent plaque buildup. Use a dog-specific toothpaste like Arm and Hammer Tartar Control Dental Kit for Dogs Beef, as human toothpaste can be harmful to dogs. Start the brushing routine gradually, making it a positive experience with plenty of praise and rewards. Proper brushing technique involves holding the brush at a 45-degree angle to the gum line and using small, circular motions.

Dental Treats and Biscuits

Dental treats for dogs, such as Dentastix and Whimzees, are designed to reduce plaque and tartar through their texture and chewing action.

Dental biscuits for dogs, like Royal Canin Dental Care and Hill’s Science Diet Adult Oral Care, have been shown to reduce plaque and tartar buildup, especially on the chewing back teeth, which are more difficult to reach with a toothbrush.

Professional Cleanings

Regular cleanings by a veterinarian are essential, particularly if there is significant tartar buildup. These cleanings are performed under anaesthesia to ensure thorough removal of tartar and plaque, especially below the gum line. During these cleanings, veterinarians can also conduct a comprehensive oral examination, including dental x-rays if necessary, to assess the health of the teeth and jawbone.

How to Treat Dental Disease in Dogs

When dental disease is detected, various treatment options are available depending on the severity:

Non-Surgical Treatments

Non-surgical treatments play a vital role in managing dental disease in dogs, particularly in the early stages. These treatments focus on preventing the progression of dental issues through regular dental care and maintenance. Below are some common non-surgical treatments that can help maintain your dog's oral health and prevent the need for surgical interventions.

Tartar control

Early stages of tartar buildup can be managed with products designed to soften and remove tartar. Dog tartar control solutions, such as gels, water additives, and dental sprays, can be effective in maintaining oral hygiene.

Dental Chews and Toys

Chewing on appropriate toys and treats can help keep teeth clean and gums healthy. Ensure the products are safe and do not pose a choking hazard. Chuckit! balls of the right size to fit in between the lower canines can be used for ball therapy to assist in moving lingually displaced lower canines.

Surgical Interventions

Surgical interventions are sometimes necessary to address advanced stages of dental disease in dogs. These procedures are typically required when non-surgical treatments are no longer sufficient to manage the condition.

Extractions

In cases of severe dental disease, extraction of affected teeth may be necessary to prevent further health issues. Extractions are performed under anaesthesia to ensure the comfort and safety of your pet.

Advanced Procedures

For complex cases, procedures like root planning (deep cleaning below the gum line) and periodontal surgery may be required. These procedures aim to remove infected tissue and promote healing.

Special Considerations

When managing dental health in dogs, special considerations must be taken into account to ensure comprehensive care.

Dog Dental Disease Grading

Veterinarians use a grading system to assess the severity of dental disease. This helps in determining the appropriate treatment plan and monitoring the progression of the disease. The grading ranges from a clean healthy mouth with no gingivitis, tartar or periodontal disease (0) to marked gingivitis, heavy tartar and severe periodontitis (4,4,4).

Handling and Training

Early training to accept mouth handling can significantly ease dental check-ups and cleaning processes. Positive reinforcement techniques, such as using treats, praise, and gentle handling, can make these experiences positive for your dog. Start by gradually getting your dog used to having their mouth and teeth touched.

Common Dental Issues

Dogs can suffer from a variety of common dental issues, each presenting unique challenges and requiring specific treatments. Understanding these issues is key to maintaining your dog's oral health.

Malocclusions

Due to face shape and size, some dogs have teeth that do not align properly. While some malocclusions may not cause major problems, others can lead to pain and difficulty in eating. Regular dental care and monitoring are essential.

Retained Teeth

Retained baby teeth, particularly canines, can cause issues by blocking the normal eruption pathway of adult teeth. This can lead to overcrowding and misalignment. Early intervention, typically around six months of age, is crucial to prevent long-term problems.

Missing Teeth and Cysts

Some dogs may have teeth that do not erupt or are missing altogether. This condition is more common in breeds like Boxers, Shih Tzus, and Chihuahuas. Undetected teeth under the gum line can form cysts, which can be harmful if left untreated.

Maintaining your dog's dental health is vital for their overall well-being. Regular check-ups, proper dental hygiene, and prompt treatment of any issues are essential. By following these guidelines, you can help prevent dental disease in your dog, ensuring they live a happy, healthy life. For more information on dental health and to explore our range of dental care products, visit Swaggle's website or contact our expert team today.